The chain system in motorcycles refers to the primary means of transferring power from the engine to the rear wheel. It is commonly known as the drive chain or final drive chain. This system is used in motorcycles with a conventional design where the engine is mounted longitudinally and power is transmitted to the rear wheel.
The chain system consists of three main components:
Engine Sprocket: The engine sprocket, also known as the front sprocket or countershaft sprocket, is mounted on the output shaft of the engine. It has teeth that engage with the links of the chain.
Drive Chain: The drive chain, usually a roller chain, is a series of interconnected metal links that form a continuous loop. It is specifically designed to handle the high torque and power transfer requirements of the motorcycle. The chain is sized to match the number of teeth on the front and rear sprockets.
Rear Sprocket: The rear sprocket, also called the wheel sprocket or rear drive sprocket, is mounted on the rear wheel hub. It has teeth that engage with the links of the drive chain.
When the motorcycle's engine is running, the rotation of the engine sprocket causes the drive chain to rotate. This, in turn, transfers power from the engine to the rear wheel by engaging the rear sprocket. As the rear sprocket turns, it drives the rear wheel, propelling the motorcycle forward.
The chain system requires regular maintenance, including lubrication and tension adjustment, to ensure smooth and efficient power transfer. Over time, the chain can stretch or wear, necessitating periodic replacement. Additionally, proper chain tension is crucial for optimal performance and to prevent excessive wear on the sprockets and chain itself.
It's worth noting that not all motorcycles use a chain drive system. Some motorcycles employ alternative systems, such as belt drives or shaft drives, which serve the same purpose of transferring power from the engine to the rear wheel but use different mechanisms to do so.